This Request for Information (RFI , NOT-OD-17-008) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) seeks inputs on a proposed new supplement to facilitate participation of women and socially and economically disadvantaged individuals in small businesses through the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)/Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs. This RFI seeks to obtain input on the unique challenges faced by women and socially and economically disadvantaged individuals to participate in small business concerns and the possibility of creating a new supplement award mechanism specific to the SBIR/STTR programs. One of the goals of the SBIR and STTR programs is to encourage participation in innovation and entrepreneurship by women and socially and economically disadvantaged individuals. Despite SBIR/STTR awardees being eligible to apply for a diversity supplement, they have very low rates of participation in the program. The NIH seeks public input to understand the barriers that prevent SBIR/STTR awardees from participating in the existing diversity supplement program and to inform its consideration to develop a new diversity supplement program specific to the SBIR/STTR mechanisms. For more specific information, refer to the RFI. Please direct all inquiries to: John Sheridan, PhD, The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 301.496.1779, john.sheridan@nih.gov.